Increasing the concentration of a reactant increases the number of particles of reactant in a given volume and hence the reacting particles will collide more often. Hence, there will be more successful collisions per second.
Increasing the temperature increases the average kinetic energy of the reactant particles and therefore more of the collisions that take place will have the necessary activation energy to react, hence there will be more successful collisions per second.
Increasing the surface area means that more particles become in contact with other particles of the reactant. Particles collide more often, therefore more successful collisions per second.
Adding a catalysts increases the rate of reaction because it slows down the reaction, giving it 'a lower activation energy' than the original speed. More collisions will be taking place, there will be more successful collisions per second.
N.b increasing the size of the marble will not mean more successful collisions, but instead that the reaction rate will take longer as it has a smaller surface area.
ReplyDeleteYet, if you use smaller marble chips, this increases the surface area so reaction time will be quicker.