1.32 explain, using dot and cross diagrams, the formation of ionic compounds by electron transfer, limited to combinations of elements from Groups 1, 2, 3 and 5, 6, 7

Dot and cross diagrams

Dot and cross diagrams are used to show electron transfers, and the creation of ions.

As you can see, the magnesium atom gives 2 electrons to the oxygen atom, so an ionic bond is created and therefore, 2 ions are created; the magnesium atom becomes a positive ion, losing 2 electrons and the oxygen atom becomes a negative ion, gaining 2 electrons.

1.31 deduce the charge of an ion from the electronic configuration of the atom from which the ion is formed

Electronic configuration of ions

Na has the electronic configuration of  2.8.1
Its positive ion, Na+ has the electronic configuration of 2.8

Cl has the electronic configuration of 2.8.7
Its negative ion, Cl- has the electronic configuration of 2.8.8

1.29 understand oxidation as the loss of electrons and reduction as the gain of electrons

Oxidation and reduction

Oxidation is the process of an atom losing an electron/s and becoming an positively charged ion.

Reduction is the process of an atom gaining an electron/s and becoming an negatively charged ion.

You can remember this using OIL RIG.

OXIDATION IS LOSING

REDUCTION IS GAINING

1.28 describe the formation of ions by the gain or loss of electrons

The formation of ions

An ion is an electrically charged atom or group of atoms. Ions are formed by the loss or gain of electrons.

If an atom gains an electron it becomes a negatively charged ion.

If an atom loses an electron it becomes a positively charged ion.