Showing posts with label periodic table. Show all posts
Showing posts with label periodic table. Show all posts

Friday, 17 May 2013

2.2 &2.3 recall the positions of metals and non-metals in the Periodic Table


Metals and non-metals in the Periodic Table 


From left to right across a period there is a gradual change from metal to non-metal. For example, in Period 3, sodium, magnesium and aluminium are metals. They all conduct electricity and their oxides are basic. Phosphorus, sulfur, chlorine and argon are non-metals, They are all poor conductors of electricity and the oxides of P, S and Cl are acidic. Silicon has some properties of both a non-metal and a metal, so is therefore called a semi-metal or (metalloid). Silicon is a semi-conductor of electricity and is used in computer chips for this reason. Silicon dioxide is acidic.

Wednesday, 15 May 2013

Atomic Structure 1.15 deduce the number of outer electrons in a main group element from its position in the Periodic Table.

Number of electrons in groups of the Periodic Table

As you can see, some of the columns of the table have numbers above them, this tells us how many electrons are in the outer shell of that group. It is a good idea to label this on your periodic table in your chemistry exam.

Atomic Structure: 1.14 deduce the electronic configurations of the first 20 elements from their positions in the Periodic Table

Electronic configuration 

The arrangement of electrons into shells for an atom is known as its electronic configuration

As you are given a periodic table in the exam, you don't have to remember all of them, just be able to state them when asked.

They are given in shorthand notations, e.g.
Carbon has 6 electrons, so its EC would be 2.4
Magnesium has 12 electrons, so its EC would be 2.8.2

Atomic Structure 1.13 understand that the Periodic Table is an arrangement of elements in order of atomic number






Periodic Table

As you can see the periodic table, shows all the elements known to man, and is arranged in periods and groups. It shows the arrangement of elements in order of atomic number.