Edexcel IGCSE Chemistry

Showing posts with label bases. Show all posts
Showing posts with label bases. Show all posts

Saturday, 18 May 2013

4.2 understand how the pH scale, from 0–14, can be used to classify solutions as strongly acidic, weakly acidic, neutral, weakly alkaline or strongly alkaline

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Blog Archive

  • ▼  2013 (127)
    • ▼  May (127)
      • States of Matter 1.1 understand the arrangement, m...
      • States of Matter 1.2 & 1.3 understand how the inte...
      • Atoms 1.4 describe and explain experiments to inve...
      • Atoms 1.5 understand the terms atom and molecule
      • Atoms 1.6 understand the differences between eleme...
      • Atoms 1.7 describe experimental techniques for the...
      • Atoms 1.8 explain how information from chromatogra...
      • Atomic Structure 1.9 understand that atoms consist...
      • Atomic Structure 1.10 recall the relative mass and...
      • Atomic Structure 1.11 understand the terms atomic ...
      • Atomic Structure 1.12 calculate the relative atomi...
      • Atomic Structure 1.13 understand that the Periodic...
      • Atomic Structure: 1.14 deduce the electronic confi...
      • Atomic Structure 1.15 deduce the number of outer e...
      • 1.16 calculate relative formula masses (Mr ) from ...
      • 1.17 + 1.18 understand the use of the term mole to...
      • 1.19 carry out mole calculations using relative at...
      • TRIPLE: 1.20 understand the term molar volume of a...
      • 1.21 write word equations and balanced chemical eq...
      • 1.22 use the state symbols (s), (l), (g) and (aq) ...
      • 1.23 understand how the formulae of simple compoun...
      • 1.24 calculate empirical and molecular formulae fr...
      • 1.25 calculate reacting masses using experimental ...
      • TRIPLE: 1.26 calculate percentage yield
      • 1.27 carry out mole calculations using volumes and...
      • 1.28 describe the formation of ions by the gain or...
      • 1.29 understand oxidation as the loss of electrons...
      • 1.30 recall the charges of common ions in this spe...
      • 1.31 deduce the charge of an ion from the electron...
      • 1.32 explain, using dot and cross diagrams, the fo...
      • 1.33 & 1.34 understand ionic bonding as a strong ...
      • TRIPLE: 1.35 understand the relationship between i...
      • TRIPLE: 1.36 &1.37 describe an ionic crystal as a ...
      • 1.38 describe the formation of a covalent bond by ...
      • 1.39 understand covalent bonding as a strong attra...
      • 1.40 explain, using dot and cross diagrams, the fo...
      • 1.41 understand that substances with simple molecu...
      • 1.43 explain the high melting and boiling points o...
      • TRIPLE: 1.44 draw diagrams representing the positi...
      • TRIPLE:1.45 explain how the uses of diamond and gr...
      • 1.46 understand that a metal can be described as a...
      • 1.47 explain the electrical conductivity and malle...
      • 1.48 understand that an electric current is a flow...
      • 1.49 understand why covalent compounds do not cond...
      • 1.50 understand why ionic compounds conduct electr...
      • 1.51 describe experiments to distinguish between e...
      • 1.52 understand that electrolysis involves the for...
      • TRIPLE: 1.54 describe experiments to investigate e...
      • 1.55 write ionic half-equations representing the r...
      • TRIPLE: 1.56 recall that one faraday represents on...
      • TRIPLE: 1.57 calculate the amounts of the products...
      • 2.1 understand the terms group and period
      • 2.2 &2.3 recall the positions of metals and non-me...
      • 2.4 understand why elements in the same group of t...
      • 2.5 understand that the noble gases (Group 0) are ...
      • 2.6 & 2.7 describe the reactions of these elements...
      • TRIPLE: 2.8 explain the relative reactivities of t...
      • 2.9 recall the colours and physical states of the ...
      • 2.10 make predictions about the properties of othe...
      • 2.11 understand the difference between hydrogen ch...
      • 2.12 explain, in terms of dissociation, why hydrog...
      • 2.13 describe the relative reactivities of the ele...
      • 2.14 describe experiments to demonstrate that a mo...
      • 2.15 understand these displacement reactions as re...
      • 2.16 recall the gases present in air and their app...
      • 2.17 explain how experiments involving the reactio...
      • 2.18 describe the laboratory preparation of oxygen...
      • 2.19 describe the reactions of magnesium, carbon a...
      • 2.20 describe the laboratory preparation of carbon...
      • 2.21 describe the formation of carbon dioxide from...
      • 2.22 describe the properties of carbon dioxide, li...
      • 2.23 explain the use of carbon dioxide in carbonat...
      • 2.24 understand that carbon dioxide is a greenhous...
      • 2.25 describe the reactions of dilute hydrochloric...
      • 2.26 describe the combustion of hydrogen
      • 2.27 describe the use of anhydrous copper(II) sulf...
      • 2.28 describe a physical test to show whether wate...
      • 2.29 understand that metals can be arranged in a r...
      • 2.30 describe how reactions with water and dilute ...
      • 2.31 deduce the position of a metal within the rea...
      • 2.32 understand oxidation and reduction as the add...
      • 2.33 understand the terms redox, oxidising agent, ...
      • 2.34 describe the conditions under which iron rusts
      • 2.35 describe how the rusting of iron may be preve...
      • 2.36 understand the sacrificial protection of iron...
      • 2.37 describe tests for the cations: i Li+ , Na+ ...
      • 2.38 describe tests for the anions: i Cl- , Br- ...
      • 2.39 describe tests for the gases: i hydrogen ii...
      • 3.1 explain the terms homologous series, hydrocarb...
      • 3.2 recall that alkanes have the general formula C...
      • 3.3 draw displayed formulae for alkanes with up to...
      • 3.5 describe the substitution reaction of methane ...
      • 3.6 recall that alkenes have the general formula C...
      • 3.7 draw displayed formulae for alkenes with up to...
      • 3.8 describe the addition reaction of alkenes with...
      • 4.1 describe the use of the indicators litmus, phe...
      • 4.2 understand how the pH scale, from 0–14, can be...
      • 4.3 describe the use of universal indicator to mea...
      • 4.4 define acids as sources of hydrogen ions, H+ ,...
      • 4.5 predict the products of reactions between dilu...
      • 4.6 understand the general rules for predicting th...
      • 4.7 describe experiments to prepare soluble salts ...
      • 4.8 describe experiments to prepare insoluble salt...
      • 4.9 describe experiments to carry out acid-alkali ...
      • 4.10 understand that chemical reactions in which h...
      • 4.11 describe simple calorimetry experiments for r...
      • 4.13 understand the use of ΔH to represent enthalp...
      • 4.14 represent exothermic and endothermic reaction...
      • 4.15 understand that the breaking of bonds is endo...
      • 4.17 describe experiments to investigate the effec...
      • 4.18 describe the effects of changes in surface ar...
      • 4.19 understand the term activation energy and rep...
      • 4.22 understand that some reactions are reversible...
      • 4.23 describe reversible reactions such as the deh...
      • 4.24 understand the concept of dynamic equilibrium
      • 4.25 predict the effects of changing the pressure ...
      • 5.1 explain how the methods of extraction of the m...
      • 5.2 describe and explain the extraction of alumini...
      • 5.3 write ionic half-equations for the reactions a...
      • 5.4 describe and explain the main reactions involv...
      • 5.5 explain the uses of aluminium and iron, in ter...
      • 5.6 understand that crude oil is a mixture of hydr...
      • 5.7 describe and explain how the industrial proces...
      • 5.8 recall the names and uses of the main fraction...
      • 5.9 describe the trend in boiling point and viscos...
      • 5.10 understand that incomplete combustion of fuel...
      • 5.11 understand that, in car engines, the temperat...

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